Introduction

Barranquilla's Carnaval is a carnival with traditions that date back to the 19th century. It takes place for four days preceding Ash Wednesday. During the carnival the city of Barranquilla's normal activities are paralyzed because the city gets busy with street dances, musical and masquerade parades. Barranquilla's Carnival is reputed for being second in size to Rio's.

Carnival´s History

The Carnival of Barranquilla has its remote origins in the carnival that came to America from Spain. So he has a spirit of renewal and change similar to that inspired this holiday season in Europe. The first carnival held in the city is lost in history, more than a century ago, when Barrie was a small population. However, by word of mouth, have circulated various stories about how people celebrated the Barranquilla carnival as always ingenuous, funny, festive, and above all healthy, have been allowed to keep a tradition that goes back three centuries. The carnival, of European origin, were introduced to America by the Spanish and Portuguese. The history of Barranquilla have come to the conclusion that was made in Cartagena de Indias, in colonial times as slaves party, by that time appeared on the streets black with traditional instruments and special costumes, dancing and singing. The traditional novena of La Candelaria, Cartagena de Indias, framed a magnificent dance in the eighteenth century a holiday granted to blacks brought from Africa muzzles.

Customs and Typical Dances

Monocuco:
The monocuco is the disguise of the individual who wanted to hide his identity. Local folklore says that the time was a village Barranquilla, rich men attracted by the beauty of women of short resources monocuco devised the costume to conquer without revealing their identity. The figure was assembled from a stick to threaten those who would like approach to recognize it.

Marimonda:
Marimonda in the beginning defined the mocking Barranquilla and few resources. To disturb the high society of his town, that created a costume barranquillero fact patches suit, jacket and pants upside down with a big nose mask phallic, big ears and a whistle scandal with which ridiculed the fat cats. In this sense has changed: it symbolizes the kind funny and "cocksucker cock."

Congo:
The Congo is one of the oldest Carnival costumes. According to the study the researcher Carlos Franco Medina, the dress is typical of a war dance originally from the Congo in Africa. Colombia is known through the councils of the black Africans were held in Cartagena.

La Cumbia:
"Cumbia is an artistic expression on the Caribbean coast, where it spread throughout the interior of Colombia and was screened in global terms. Outside is synonymous with Colombia cumbia: cumbia is thus the musical air we identified internationally. "So says the anthropologist Aquiles Escalante.

El Mapale:
It is the most traditional African dances, where the movements of waist, hips and arms of the dancers go from the slow and sensual to the fastest. It was originally a dance of work performed at night.

El Congo:
It is a dance war dance from Africa that is accompanied by a fauna and musicians running drum and guacharaca accompanying the singer. His choreography includes a battle of the bull with the Congo.

Typical Music Instruments

* The millo flute: The millo flute or whistle atravesa'o is a musical instrument, apparently of African origin, which is used mainly in the cumbia, the flute is made from millo cane forming a tube cane open at the ends with a vibrating reed cut from the same tube and four digital ports, runs transversely.

* Guacharaca: is a musical percussion instrument usually made out of the cane-like trunk of a small palm tree. The guacharaca itself consists of a tube with ridges carved into its outer surface with part of its interior hollowed out, giving it the appearance of a tiny, notched canoe. It is played with a fork composed of hard wire fixed into a wooden handle.

* El alegre: The drum happy, more or quitambre used in traditional music ensembles in the departments of Bolivar, Cesar, Atlántico and Sucre. The body of the instrument was built with the hull of the trunk of a tree called the bank. Its shape is conical and is about 70 inches high by 28 diameter at the top, where is the membrane, and 25 inches in diameter at the lower end, which is left open. The patch is made from calfskin, alligator belly, deer or goat skin. The elements are assembled with bands of reeds and wooden pegs used to tune the drumhead.

* La tambora: Is a cylindrical drum that is used in the field cumbiamba or instrumental music for dancing. Percussion runs with two sticks. It consists of a straight pipe and two membranes made from goat leather or doe. The elements are assembled with the help of a cylindrical ring that arise strings arranged in a Y, which are used to tune the instrument patches.
EscucharLeer fonéticamente.

* El llamador: The llamador, the smallest drum of all, also called male, marking the rhythmic cadence or rhythm, making it the only one not to allow so-called "gyrations" or "luxuries"in its interpretation.

Art and Handicraft

SOMBRERO VUELTIAO:


EL GARABATO:


CUMBIAMBERO:



pre-carnivals events

la Lectura del Bando:

On 20 January each year, the carnival celebrations in Barranquilla (Colombia), a city located along the Caribbean Sea at the mouth of the Magdalena River, beginning with the reading of the proclamation, decree a kind of carnival in which the Queen chosen on that occasion, and has ordered the establishment of the rule of joy in the city. What they said unless the text published below is a kind of linguistic matrix in which it is all the joy of the Caribbean north of Colombia.




la Guacherna:

The Guacherna, fantastic parade on Friday night before the Saturday of Carnival, established in 1974 through the initiative of composer Esthercita Forero.


PARADES

Batalla de flores:

This beautiful battle is rooted in the beginning of the century when the country was the war of the Thousand Days (between 1,899 and 1,902) and, as an act of solidarity, the mayor at the time ordered the suspension of the Carnival. Over 1,900 and 1,902 did not organize the party. After signing the peace, the mayor authorized the return to the festivities. That was when General Heriberto Bengoechea said, "Let's make a tribute to peace, change what we were experiencing, it was a battle to lead a battle ... but with flowers."



Desfile de la gran parada:

is performed Parade Parade, featuring the popular dances Torito, the scribbly, that of pilanderas and cumbia, dance in which they fuse elements of indigenous, black and cumbia blancos.La simulates a courtship couples, characterized by elegance and the subtle movement of hip women, drum and flute are millet.



Desfile de la 44:

From the early hours, the carnival atmosphere in the race 44 and Barranquilla increases in all sectors, especially the Citadel July 20, La Ceiba, Villa Adela and Muvdi, fill all the spaces of the race. In point of departure, Calle 76 and Carrera 44, is danced to a marching band and the respective practice and choreography in output expected Battle of Flowers of Remembrance, which began around two in the afternoon amid of old cars, where the queens are popular.




Desfile de la 84:

Doodle open the North parade, the Parade organizer 84 and a variety of extras and costumes. It is traditional in this parade of the carnival queen rigorous view of black representing the main widow Joselito Carnaval. In the parody, the sovereign to the faint cries inconsolably. Then, dances, parades and cumbia, reappear on the street 84 to finish with music and dance before the eyes of the audience that gathered on the sidewalks.



Desfile Gran parada de fantasia:

Children parade with their original extras, giving the audience throughout the show with their outstanding costumes. About 50 troupes and dance schools traditionally become the Via 40 in the most beautiful dance floor, decorated with colorful, eye-catching choreography and colorful costumes. There are usually two hours of fantasy, luxury and dance.


Desfile Gran Parada de Tradición y Folclor:

The most important event of the second day of the Carnival of Barranquilla is the "Parade of Tradition and Folklore", which for more than six hours and along the Via Cumbiódromo 40, about 200 cumbias, dance from Congo, blacks , relationship and Indian, like extras in tradition, captivate with their joy and beautiful vestuarios.En this parade, the queen of every year wearing a fancy costume, usually complemented with pheasant feathers and a bright makeup on her face . Queen and King Momo are cheered by the parade, like the Queen Popular and respective viceroy.

How to make a hallaca?

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Every day is a special day to let you know…
I love you aunt…
More than the words can say.
Thanks for your friendship.

Our blog is about the ecology of the earth, through this blog we want to
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The best ecology

Our blog is about the ecology of the earth, through this blog we want to
show people the consequences can have s not care for the environment,
but also want to show them the benefits they can get care if you like: if
you care These trees will continue to produce food, save water if it never
will be required.

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ecology in the bicentenary

There has been a lot of fanfare about Colombia turning 200 next year. No doubt, that is a big number, and the country has not been lacking in demonstrations of national pride. There have been concerts and parades, the Bogota mayoralty sent about 40 hot air balloons flying over the city, and a group of policemen and soldiers were to travel, on horseback, along the same path followed by Simon Bolivar’s men during the independence war. Between now and July 20, 2010, and especially next Friday on the 190th anniversary of the Battle of Boyacá, Colombia will not tire of reminding itself that she is an old lady.

But to me, Colombia’s 200th birthday reminds me of some other things, too. With a country so chronically torn apart by violence, a nation that has seen so many dark hours of uncertainty and death, we Colombians should be proud that our motherland has weathered these storms and lived to tell the tale. This is not an entirely happy birthday, however. The fact that the memorial march that followed Bolivar’s voyages was attacked by the ELN, was a reminder that Colombia can still not celebrate its existence in perfect peace. Although I try to avoid clichés, it is hard not to think that 199 years ago our forefathers started a war for the nation’s independence, and yet, the country keeps on bleeding itself out –albeit at a lesser rate than in the past.

Another reason not to be so cheerful during this anniversary, or perhaps a bit pensive, is Colombia’s mediocre economic performance. Our soon-to-be-centuries-old nation is still struggling to create a functioning economy that can provide all its members with a way to make a decent living. Although Colombia’s economic history has been one of slow, but sustained economic growth, with few interruptions, our country’s ability to produce wealth leaves much to be desired. In real terms, Colombia’s income per person today is about eleven times bigger than that of the early 1900s. (back in 1905, the average Colombian earned US$648 a year; in 2007 she made about US$7007, using constant dollars). Compare that to South Korea, for instance, which has been able to multiply the average income of its inhabitants by a factor of 23 (up to US$24,000) during that same time span. Hong Kong, with no other significant natural resource besides a harbor, has done it by a factor of 28 (reaching about US$40,000). Although these cross-country comparisons are not always accurate or desirable, they make you think, no doubt. At 199, Colombia still is a lower-middle class woman.


What a contrast there is between this 200th birthday party and that of the United States in 1976. Those thirteen colonies that declared independence in 1776 and proclaimed a constitution twelve years later spent the next twenty decades building up the wealthiest, most powerful nation in history. By 1976, with the Watergate scandal and the War in Vietnam behind it, the United States could proudly say that it had tripled the size of its territory (at the expense of many others, we should add), and created a large, prosperous society where the rule of law prevailed. It is striking that by that date, the US had not seen an act of war on its territory since Pearl Harbor, and before that, since the end of the Civil War in 1865. What a contrast, indeed.


Of course, comparing oneself to those who have done it better than anyone else can never be fulfilling. Perhaps, besides making you sigh, it is totally pointless. But in any case, Colombia’s 200th birthday should be an opportunity for all of us to think where our country is going, and where it should be. Being incredibly optimistic, if everything goes right, if a “Colombian miracle” is to happen, we would reach South Korea’s present living standards by 2035 (twenty five years, that is the time it took the Koreans to get from where we are now to where they are today). That is unlikely to occur. The Colombian economy is overregulated and begging for tax relief. Our government keeps taking too much money from ordinary citizens and spending even more of it, harming everybody in the long run.

The World Bank believes that it is easier to do business in other 52 countries than it is in Colombia.No “confianza inversionista” (investors’ confidence), to use President Uribe’s language, can beat that statistic. Moreover, Transparency International’s Corruption Perception Index gives Colombia 3.8 points on a scale from zero to ten, with zero meaning most corrupt. And although there has been great success in recent years, Colombia is still the world’s largest cocaine factory, and its humanitarian tragedy remains the worst in the Western Hemisphere.

But we cannot give up. Truth be told, Colombia today is more livable than it has been in the past twenty years, so there has been considerable progress. And although Colombians should celebrate and rejoice about this once-in-a-lifetime celebration, no party should distract us from the huge amount of work there is left to do. There is no doubt in my mind that Colombia can be fixed. I simply hope it does not take another 200 years.

taken from: http://colombiareports.com/opinion/gustavo-silva-cano/5261-colombias-bicentenary-a-birthday-for-thought.html

Caribbean Colombia Ecology (Colombia Caribe y su Ecologia)

What is ecology about, anyway?

Ecology is the relationship of living things to each other and to what’s around them. So, if you are learning about what kinds of relationships fish have with other animals (including us!) and plants in their neighborhood, then you are learning about ecology.

The word ECOLOGY comes from Greek words meaning “study of the household.” So, ecology is the study of the “household” of living things: their neighbors and neighborhood.

Ecology includes not only how living things interact with each other, but how they interact with their physical environment: things such as climate and soil. Learn more about these interactions in the Biomes section.

Ecologists are the scientists who study ecology. They are curious and like to learn about living things by observing them, seeing what happens, and recording what they find. This is all part of the scientific method.

The Learn About Ecology section of this website introduces the study of ecology, describes careers in ecology, provides interviews with ecologists and gives an overview of the Kids do Ecology Program and website. It includes a discussion of endangered species, provides links to additional resources, and answers to frequently asked questions.

Some ecologists study a specific species or habitat. They might study the behavior of a single species to see how it interacts with other organisms and the environment. Or, an ecologist might study many different species that either depend on each other (a food web, for example), or compete with each other for food and space. There are many fields of ecology with lots of things still to be discovered.
Taken from: http://kids.nceas.ucsb.edu/ecology/ecoindex.html